Gambling Harm Awareness 

Written by Caitlin. Y | Provisional Psychologist 

What is problem gambling?

“Problem gambling is characterised by difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on gambling which leads to adverse consequences for the gambler, others, or for the community.” (Gambling Research Australia, 2005).

Who is affected?

Gambling is a significant issue in Australia, with one of the highest rates of gambling participation worldwide. 3 in 4 Australian adults report spending money on 1+ gambling products each year, including lottery games, sports betting, and electronic gaming machines (pokies). It is estimated that about 1-2% of Australian adults are classified as problem gamblers, with many more experiencing gambling-related issues at lower levels.

Who is at risk?

While anyone who engages in regular gambling may be at risk, there are some people who are more likely than others to engage in problem gambling.

Men are significantly more likely to gamble than females and are more likely to experience gambling-related problems. In terms of age, younger adults (aged 18-34) are particularly at risk of developing gambling related problems, and have a preference for online sports betting, which has become more accessible through mobile apps. 

Socioeconomic Status may also influence risk of gambling, with individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds potentially at greater risk of gambling harm. Gambling problems are also more prevalent among people in areas with higher concentrations of gaming venues.

Impacts of Gambling

Problem gambling can have impacts on the individual, as well as  their family and friends. 

• Individuals: Gambling addiction can have devastating effects on an individual’s mental health. For example, it contributes to anxiety and depression. Financial distress is also common. An individual’s physical health can also suffer, as stress and anxiety related to gambling can lead to poor sleep, disordered eating, and substance misuse.
• Family and Relationships: Gambling problems often strain family relationships, potentially resulting in breakdowns in trust – and in severe cases family separation. The financial burden of gambling can create tension within households and lead to issues such as housing instability.

How severe is it?

Problems relating to gambling fall on a continuum, from lower to higher levels of severity. People may move back and forth along this spectrum at different points, depending on multiple factors. A screening tool called the Problem Gambling Severity Index can help to assess the frequency and severity of gambling-related problems in the past 12 months, and can be found in the Gambling Help Online Quiz.

What treatment options are available?

• Group Therapy and Peer Support: Group therapy and peer support, such as Gamblers Anonymous, offer community-based, non-judgmental environments where individuals can share their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges.

• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): CBT is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for problem gambling. Medicare covers some aspects of treatment for problem gambling, including access to a mental health care plan from a general practitioner (GP), which can cover up to 10 sessions with a psychologist.

Relevant PsychPhys™ Services

PsychPhys™ offers sessions with registered psychologists who can provide CBT intervention focused on identifying and changing unhealthy gambling patterns, improving coping strategies, and managing triggers. PsychPhys™ also offers the Reassurance and Solace Program, a six-week-long counselling program that can provide support both to individuals affected directly by gambling behaviours, as well as their families. For more information, click here. 

So, while problem gambling in Australia may have significant impact on individuals and their family, there is hope for effective treatment. If you have concerns about yourself or someone you care about, please reach out for support. 

If you need further help outside of hours, the following support services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week:

Gambling Help: 1800 858 858
Lifeline: 13 11 14